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Start Up Funding Options:
Types of Financing
To obtain the funds to launch your business, here are six
avenues of attack:
1. Stick close to home. There may be more options than you
think, including:
- Personal savings
- Second mortgage on your home
- Business credit card
- Profit-sharing funds from your previous job
- Business credit line
- Friends and relatives
- Business check card
2. If you need more than these sources can provide, consider:
- Bank loan
- Limited partnership
- Private offering
3. Plug into a local network, including the following:
- U.S. Small Business Administration
- Nearest office of the Service Corps of Retired Executives
(SCORE)
- Nearest Small Business Development Center (SBDC) or
your state economic development department
- Local business associations, such as the chamber of
commerce
- State and locally sponsored small-business conferences
4. Seek venture capital only if your business has the potential
to achieve multimillion-dollar sales within five years. (For
more information, contact the National Venture Capital Association;
or the National Association of Small Business Investment Companies)
5. Don't get bogged down hunting for funds; if you encounter
problems raising money, try to start your business on a smaller
scale.
6. Be sure you know your current credit rating and history-for
both you (personal credit rating) and your business. Try to
find out which credit reporting service your prospective lender
uses and request a report from that company. The three major
credit reporting companies are: Dun & Bradstreet, Equifax
, and Experian/TRW .
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ABC's
of Borrowing: Five Types of Business Loans, Terms, and
Purposes
|
| Loan
Type |
Credit
Card |
Credit
Line |
Short-Term
Loan |
Equipment/Vehicle
Loan |
Commercial
Real Estate Loan |
| Term |
Evergreen |
12
months or evergreen |
90
day note |
Up
to 7 years |
10
years + |
|
Purpose
|
Cover
travel, entertainment, and office supplies |
-
Cover short-term cash-flow needs
-
Carry accounts receivable
- Unexpected events
|
Short-term
items like inventory |
-
Purchase or refinance business equipment and/or vehicles |
-
Purchase or refinance commercial real estate |
Use the five questions below to provide a framework for
focusing on funding your business.
1. List the banks in your area where you will apply for a
loan and individuals who might provide you with introductions
to bankers.
2. Identify individuals at the bank whom you should approach
with your request.
3. What are the key questions you will ask your banker? (Find
out how much experience the bank has in lending to your type
of business, then ask about the lending/ borrowing details,
e.g., loan limits, collateral requirements, interest rates,
and other terms.)
4. How will you answer each of these five questions that
the banker will inevitably ask you?
a) How much money do you need?
b) How long do you need it for?
c) What are you going to do with it?
d) When and how will you repay it?
e) What will you do if you don't get the loan?
5. Should you seek venture capital rather than a bank loan?
Begin answering this question by comparing the key factors
bankers and venture capitalists focus on:
| Banker |
Venture
Capitalist |
| Collateral |
Market
demand for your product or service |
| Covenants
in loan agreement |
Equity
position and value of stock |
| Ratio
analysis |
Compound
annual rate of return (typically 35% to 50%) |
| Ability
to repay |
Exit
within 5 to 7 years |
| Financial
statements |
Management's
background |
Both, of course, will expect you to present a sound business
plan.
Check the sources you plan to approach for funding.
| Personal
Resources |
Close-to-Home |
Outside
Sources |
| Savings |
Friends |
Bank
loan |
| Second
mortgage |
Family |
SBA
loan |
| Insurance |
|
Business
credit card |
| Profit
sharing |
|
Business
credit line |
| |
|
Venture
capital |
| |
|
Limited
partnership |
| |
|
Private
offering |
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